Gorbalenya AE, Baker SC, Baric R, Groot RJd, Drosten C, Gulyaeva AA.(2020). Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: The species and its viruses – a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group. BioRxiv.doi: 10.1101/2020.02.07.937862v1.
Hopman J, Allegranzi B.(2020). Managing COVID-19 in low-and middle-income countries. Jama;323(16). doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4169.
Roth GA, Abate D, Abate KH, Abay SM, Abbafati C, Abbasi N.(2018). Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The Lancet; 392 (10159):1736-88. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32203-7.
Hebebci MT, Bertiz Y, Alan S.(2020). Investigation of views of students and teachers on distance education practices during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science (IJTES);4(4):267-82. doi: 10.46328/ijtes.v4i4.113.
Dhawan S.(2020). Online learning: A panacea in the time of COVID-19 crisis. Journal of Educational Technology Systems49(1):5-22. doi: 10.1177/0047239520934018.
Akinbadewa BO, Sofowora OA.(2020). The effectiveness of multimedia instructional learning packages in enhancing secondary school students’ attitudes toward Biology. International Journal on Studies in Education (IJonSE);2(2):119-33. doi: 10.46328/ijonse.19.
Alharthi M.(2020). Students' Attitudes toward the Use of Technology in Online Courses. International Journal of Technology in Education;3(1):14-23. doi: 10.46328/ijte.v3i1.18.
Deng S-Q, Peng H-J.(2020). Characteristics of and public health responses to the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China. Journal of clinical medicine;9(2):575. doi: 10.3390/jcm9020575.
Contreras CP, Picazo D, Cordero-Hidalgo A, Chaparro-Medina M.(2021). Challenges of virtual education during the covid-19 pandemic: Experiences of Mexican University professors and students. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research; 20(3):188-204. doi: https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20.3.12.
Almajali DA, Al-Lozi M.(2016). Determinants of the actual use of e-learning systems: An empirical study on Zarqa University in Jordan. Journal of Social Sciences (COES&RJ-JSS); 5 (2): 172-200. doi: 10.25255/jss.2016.5.2.172.200.
Shahnavazi A, Mehraeen E, Bagheri S, Miri Z, Mohammadghasemi M.(2017). Survey of Students Readiness to Use of E-learning Technology. Journal of Paramedical Sciences & Rehabilitation; 6(3):60-6. doi: 10.22038/jpsr.2017.13629.1283.
Obeidat BY, Al-Suradi MM, Tarhini A.(2016). The impact of knowledge management on innovation: An empirical study on Jordanian consultancy firms. Management Research Review. doi: 10.1108/MRR-09-2015-0214.
Horton W, Horton K.(2003). E-learning Tools and Technologies: A consumer's guide for trainers, teachers, educators, and instructional designers. John Wiley & Sons.
Golzari Z, Kiamanesh A, Ghourchian N, Jaafari P.(2011). Assessment model of E-learning for higher education. Journal of American Science;7(7):792-9. doi: http:// www. jofamericanscience. org/journals/am-sci/am0707/114_6124am0707_792_799.pdf.
Zofen S.(2009). Application of New Technologies in Education. Samt Publication.
Jahanian R, S. E.(2012). Evaluating the status of virtual education in e-learning centers of Iran’s universities from the viewpoint of students. Inform Comm Tech Edu Sci;2(4):53-65. doi: https:// www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=321801.
Attaran M. (2004). Globalization, information technology and education. Institute for Technology Development in Smart Schools, Tehran (in Persian). 2004.
Marshall S. (2015). E-Learning Maturity Model Version Two New Zealand Tertiary Institution E-Learning Capability: Informing and Guiding E-Learning Architectural Change and Development Project Executive Summary E-Learning Maturity Model Version Two New Zealand Tertiary Instit. Paper presented at the EDUCAUSE in Australasia 2015 Conference:Auckland, April5‐8. doi:
Kelly TM, Bauer DK. (2014).Managing intellectual capital—Via e-learning—At Cisco. Handbook on knowledge management: Springer; p. 511-32.
Fast, Olha, Semenog, Olena, Vovk, Myroslava, Buhaichuk, Nazar and Golya, Galyna.(2022). Examining the Practices and Challenges of Distance Education of PhD Candidates in the Context of COVID-19. Journal of Learning for Development, 9(1): 73-88.
Akkara, S., & Mallampalli, M. S. (2020, October). Online Teaching and Learning in India During Lockdown and Its Impact on Teaching Practices. In International Conference on Interactive Collaborative and Blended Learning (pp. 151-158). Springer, Cham.
Shehab, A., & Khalifa, M. (2021). Evaluation of the Current Challenges of Nursing Students about Online Nursing Education at Kurdistan Region in Iraq. Kufa Journal for Nursing Sciences,11(1): 1-11.
Hawzhin Hama Ameen, I. (2021). Exploring the Critical Challenges that Influencing Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Case of Public Universities in the Kurdistan Region/Iraq. THESIS MASTER OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT.
Abbasi Darehbidi, A., & Jafari, A. H. (2021). Challenges of virtual education from the perspective of students within Corona. National Conference on Education During the Corona epidemic Opportunities, Challenges and Achievements, 3-4 March 2021.
Karimi, A. R. (2020). Internship training at Farhangian University during the Corona. National Conference on the Exchange of Experiences of Universities and Educational Centers in the Implementation of E-Learning in the Covid Crisis 19. 11-13 August Khajeh Nasir al-Din Tusi University of Technology, pp 13-14.
Matin,A,.(2020). The impact of the corona virus on world higher education. Collection of International Reports on Higher Education and the Corona Crisis. https://www. qs. com/ contact/.
Yaghobi J.Mohammadi,A.(2018). Application of Social Networks in Educational and Research Activities of Agricultural Students in University of Zanjan. Journal of Agricultural Education Administration Research; 9(43):17-29. doi: 10.22092/jaear.2018.108485.1319.
Naderifar M, Ghaljaei F, Jalalodini A, Rezaie N, Salar A. (2016). Challenges of e-learning in medical sciences: A review article. Journal of Medical Education Development; 9(23):102-11. doi: https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=520393.
Ionescu CA, Paschia L, Gudanescu Nicolau NL, Stanescu SG, Neacsu Stancescu VM, Coman MD.(2020). Sustainability analysis of the e-learning education system during pandemic period—covid-19 in Romania. Sustainability;12(21):9030. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219030.
Gamdi MAA, Samarji A.(2016). Perceived Barriers towards e-Learning by Faculty Members at a Recently Established University in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Information and Education Technology; 6(1):23-5. doi: 10.7763/IJIET.2016.V6.652.
Tarus JK, Gichoya D, Muumbo A. (2015). Challenges of implementing e-learning in Kenya: A case of Kenyan public universities. International review of research in open and distributed learning;16(1):120-41. doi: 10.19173/irrodl.v16i1.1816.
Arkorful V, Abaidoo N.(2015). The role of e-learning, advantages and disadvantages of its adoption in higher education. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning; 2:29-42. doi: https://www.ijern.com/journal/2014/December-2014/34.pdf.
Wieser D, Seeler J-M.(2018). Online, not distance education: The merits of collaborative learning in online education. The Disruptive Power of Online Education: Emerald Publishing Limited.
Al-Hujran O, Aloudat A, Al-Hennawi H, Ismail HN.(2013). Challenges to E-learning Success: The student perspective. Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Information, Business and Education Technology; Atlantis Press.
Keshavarzi, M.H., Soltani,A., Arabshahi, S.K., GHarrahee, B., Sohrabi, Z., Mardani,A., and Hamooleh, M.(2019). Exploration of faculty members’ perceptions about virtual education challenges in medical sciences: a qualitative study. Journal of Advances in Medical Education & Professionalism; 7(1):27-34. doi: 10.30476/jamp.2019.41042.
Sadati L, Nouri Z, Hajfiroozabadi M, Abjar R. (2021). Faculty Members’ Experiences About Virtual Education Opportunities and Challenges During The Covid-19: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Medical Education Development;14(42):1-10. doi: 10.52547/edcj.14.42.1.
Ghorbankhani M, Salehi K.(2017). Representation Challenges of Virtual Training in Iran's Higher Education System: A Study of Phenomenological Approach. Information and Communication Technology in Educational Sciences; 7(2(26)):123-48. doi: http://ictedu.iausari.ac.ir/article_656516.html?lang=en.
Charmaz K.(2006). Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis.London: Sage Publications. doi: https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/constructing-grounded-theory/book235960.
Mohajan, H.K.(2018). Qualitative Research Methodology in Social Sciences and Related Subjects. Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People,7(01), pp. 23-48.
Bazargan A.(2016). Qualitative and mixed research methods. Tehran: Publication of visit.
Phipps R, Merisotis J.(2011). Quality on the Line: Benchmarks for Success in Internet-Based Distance Education. Institute for Higher Education Policy,Washingtonand DC,1,9-12. doi: https:// eric.ed.gov/?id=ED444407.
Nicholas D.(2010). The virtual scholar: the hard and evidential truth. IFLA publications.
Zare Bidaki M. (2014). Development challenges of elearning in Medical Universities in Iran. Strides in Development of Medical Education; 10(4):500-3. doi: http://sdme.kmu.ac.ir/article_90302.html.
)