In collaboration with Payame Noor University and Iranian Electronic Learning Association

Document Type : scientific-research

Authors

1 Teacher of Farhangian University

2 Professor of the Humanities, Faculty, PayameNoor University, Tehran , Iran

Abstract

In regards to the need to use technology in the domain of learning and the important role of principals of educational organizations in implementing the blended learning, this research was carried out with the aim of identifying the parameters of psychological and center skills of principals in implementing the blended learning from quantum paradigm perspectives. The research method was qualitative and of meta-synthesis. Data collection was carried out through reviewing scientific documents and resources relevant to the subject of research in recent 31 years (1990-2021). Therefore; the related key words were searched in the reliable internal and foreign websites and finally, 42 resources were selected for final review. The review was done through studying the resources of the principals’ psychological skills in three dimensions and eleven parameters and center skill in one dimension and three parameters. The results obtained from this research showed that with regards to the identified dimensions and parameters, principals can play roles in implementing the blended learning in educational organizations, from the psychological skills, in quantum seeing dimension, by planning informed and effective leadership and confronting challenges and eliminating obstacles, in quantum thinking dimension via creative thinking, change and comprehensive thinking, in quantum feeling via accountability, supporting individuals’ rights and security, respecting values , caring about needs and talents and utilizing the process of information and from center skills perspectives and quantum being dimension, via establishing an appropriate learning atmosphere, establishing effective communication and creating a resilient and network-centric structure.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

فراترکیب نقش مهارت‌های روان‌شناختی و کانونی مدیران در اجرای یادگیری ترکیبی از منظر پارادایم کوانتمی

Authors [Persian]

  • بیتا عبدالحسینی 1
  • محمدرضا سرمدی 2

1 مدرس دانشگاه فرهنگیان

2 استاد دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

Abstract [Persian]

با توجه به لزوم استفاده از فناوری در عرصه یادگیری و نقش مهم مدیران سازمان‌های آموزشی در اجرای یادگیری ترکیبی، این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی مؤلفه‌های مهارت‌های روان‌شناختی و کانونی مدیران در اجرای یادگیری ترکیبی از منظر پارادایم کوانتمی صورت گرفت. روش پژوهش کیفی و از نوع فراترکیب بود. گردآوری داده‌ها از طریق بررسی اسناد و منابع علمی مرتبط با موضوع پژوهش در 31 سال اخیر (1990 تا 2021) انجام شد. بدین منظور، کلیدواژه‌های مربوط در پایگاه‌های معتبر داخلی و خارجی جستجو شد و در نهایت 43 منبع برای بررسی نهایی انتخاب گردید. بررسی با بررسی منابع مهارت‌های روان‌شناختی مدیران در 3 بعد و 11 مؤلفه و مهارت‌های کانونی در 1 بعد و 3 مؤلفه استخراج شد. نتایج حاصل از این بررسی نشان داد که با توجه به ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های شناسایی شده، مدیران می‌توانند از منظر مهارت‌های روان‌شناختی، در بعد نگاه کوانتمی از طریق برنامه‌ریزی، رهبری آگاهانه و مؤثر و مواجهه با چالش‌ها و رفع موانع؛ در بعد تفکر کوانتمی از طریق تفکر خلاق، مدیریت تغییر و تفکر جامع در بعد احساس کوانتمی از طریق پاسخگویی، حمایت از حقوق و امنیت افراد، احترام به ارزش‌ها توجه به نیازها و استعدادها و بهره‌گیری از جریان اطلاعات و از منظر مهارت‌های کانونی و بعد وجود کوانتمی از طریق ایجاد فضای یادگیری مناسب، برقراری ارتباط مؤثر و ایجاد ساختار انعطاف‌پذیر و شبکه محور در اجرای یادگیری ترکیبی در سازمان‌های آموزشی نقش داشته باشند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • مهارت‌های روان‌شناختی
  • مهارت کانونی
  • یادگیری ترکیبی
  • مدیران
  • پارادایم کوانتمی
  • فراترکیب
Abdolhoseini, B., Abdollahi, B., Zaynabadi, H. R., & Zarghami, S. (2018). Identifying the dimensions and behavioral indicators of school principals in the context of quantum paradigm: qualitative research. Journal of School Administration (Jsa), 5(2), 173-191.
Abedi Jafari, A., & Amiri, M. (2019). Meta-Synthesis as a Method for Synthesizing Qualitative Researches. Methodology of Social Sciences and Humanities (MSSH), 25(99), 73-87.
Acat, M. B. & Ay, Y. (2014). An Investigation the Effect of Quantum Learning Approach on Primary School 7th Grade students' Science Achievement, Retention and Attitude. Educational Research Association the International Journal of Research in Teacher Education, 5(2), 11-23.
Adekola, J., Dale, V. H., & Gardiner, K. (2017). Development of an institutional framework to guide transitions into enhanced blended learning in higher education. Research in Learning Technology, 25.
Bailey, J., Ellis, S., Schneider, C., & Vander Ark, T. (2013). Blended learning. Retrieved from http://digitallearningnow.com/site/uploads/2014/05/DLN-ebook-PDF.pdf
Bielawski, L., & Metcalf, D. S. (2003). Blended eLearning: Integrating knowledge, performance, support, and online learning. Human Resource Development.
Bokolo Jr, A., Kamaludin, A., Romli, A., Mat Raffei, A. F., A/L Eh Phon, D. N., Abdullah, A., ... & Baba, S. (2020). A managerial perspective on institutions' administration readiness to diffuse blended learning in higher education: Concept and evidence. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 52(1), 37-64.‏
Bourdon, M. (2014). Lifelong learning from the ‘70s to Erasmus for all: A rising concept. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116: 3005-3009.
Boyd, V., & Hord, S. M. (1994). Principals and the New Paradigm: Schools as Learning Communities.
Chang, I. H. (2011). The effect of principals’ technological leadership on teachers’ technology literacy and teaching effectiveness in Taiwanese elementary schools. Educational Technology & Society, 15 (2), 328-340.
Creighton, T. (2003). The principal as technology leader. Corwin Press.
Darling, J.R. & Walker w. (2001). Effective Conflict Management: Use of the Behavioral style model, leadership and Organizational Development Journal, 22 (5), 230- 242.
Dinçer, S. (2018). Content Analysis in Scientific Research: Meta-Analysis, Meta-Synthesis, and Descriptive Content Analysis. Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education, 7(1), 176-190.
Garrison, D. R., & Kanuka, H. (2004). Blended learning: Uncovering its transformative potential in higher education. The internet and higher education, 7(2), 95-105.
Georgina, D. A., & Olson, M. R. (2008). Integration of technology in higher education: A review of faculty self-perceptions. The Internet and Higher Education, 11(1), 1-8.
Ghaedemini Harouni, A., Ebrahimzadeh Dastjerdi, R., Abdi, H., & Sadeghi Deh Cheshmeh, M. (2018). The Impact of Quantum Leadership on Commitment to Change through Perceived Communication Quality of Change and Readiness for Change. Educational Leadership and Management Research, 4 (15), 1-1.
Gibson, D., Broadley, T. & Downie, J. (2016). Blended Learning in a Converged Model of University Transformation, Blended Learning for Quality Higher Education: Selected Case Studies on Implementation from Asia‑Pacific, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Gosmire, D., & Grady, L. (2007). A bumpy road: Principal as technology leader. Principal Leadership, February, Retrieved from https://www.nassp.org/portals/0/content/55193.pdf
Gray, D., J. (2007). Implications of quantum theory on education: a critical review of the literature. International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development, 2(3-4), 315-331.
Han, X., Wang, Y., Li, B. & Cheng, J. (2016). Case Study of Institutional Implementation of Blended Learning at Five Universities in China, Blended Learning for Quality Higher Education: Selected Case Studies on Implementation from Asia‑Pacific. the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Haris, I., Afdaliah, Budiman, A., & Haris, K. (2016). Exploring Quantum Perspective in School Leadership: A Review of Effective Principal Leadership in the Changing Nature of School Management. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 2(4), 38-53.
Hawkins, K. M. (2005). The Principal as Technology Leader. NAESP: National Association of Elementary School Principals, 21(2), 1-4.
Hillman, J. T. (2013). Supporting the Growth of Principals as Instructional Leaders: An Interpretive Study about the New Work of School Leaders, (Doctoral dissertation, Wayne State University).
Holmes, K. A., & Prieto-Rodriguez, E. (2018). Student and staff perceptions of a learning management system for blended learning in teacher education. Australian Journal of Teacher Education (Online), 43(3), 21-34.‏
Jafarzadeh, M. R., Hosseini, S. A., Jahed, H., & Abedi, S. (2021). The Application of Blended Learning in Higher Education from Teacher's Perspective. Higher Education Letter, 13(52), 95-123.
Johnson, E. (2015). Emergent Leadership Development: A New Model of Generative Growth and Learning (Doctoral dissertation, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology).‏
Kaur, M. (2013). Blended learning-its challenges and future. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 93, 612-617.
Keshmiri, S., & Moradi, S. (2021). Preparing to lead the digital transformation in schools. Jsa, 9 (1).
Khosravi, S., Nazari, R., & Saleki, M. (2016). Providing the Model of Communicative Skills Effectiveness on the Quantum Management Model of Managers and its Role on Organizational Agility of Sport Organizations. International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies (IJHCS) ISSN 2356-5926, 1(1), 545-555.
Kocak, R. D. (2020). A Perspective to 21st Century Management: Quantum Leadership. In Academic Studies (p. 318).
Kumar, A. (2012). Blended learning in higher education: A comprehensive study. In Proceedings of International Conference on Business.
Kundu, N., Bhar, C., & Pandurangan, V. (2016). Managing Technology in Quantum Age.
Leithwood, K., Seashore, K., Anderson, S., & Wahlstrom, K. (2004). Executive Summary: Review of Research: How Leadership Influences Student Learning.‏ Commissioned by: The Wallace Foundation.
Lim, Ch. P. &Wang, T. (2016a). A Framework and Self‑Assessment Tool for Building the Capacity of Higher Education Institutions for Blended Learning, Blended Learning for Quality Higher Education: Selected Case Studies on Implementation from Asia‑Pacific. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Lim, Ch. P. & Wang, T. (2016b). Professional Development for Blended Learning in a Faculty: A Case Study of the Education University of Hong Kong, Blended Learning for Quality Higher Education: Selected Case Studies on Implementation from Asia‑Pacific. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Malloch, K., & Porter-O'Grady, T. (2009). The quantum leader: Applications for the new world of work. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Massy, J. (2012). The integration of learning technologies into Europe’s education and training systems. Handbook of blended learning: Global perspectives, local designs, 419-431.
Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., & Baki, M. (2013). The effectiveness of online and blended learning: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Teachers college record, 115(3), 1-47.
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. sage.
Mohammadi, M., Saberi, M., Salimi, G., & Nouri, N. (2018). A Practical Guide to Meta-Synthesis Method for Identifying Professional Competencies of Teachers in Teaching Nature of Science. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 13(50), 75.
Moradi Mokhles, H., Mehdizadeh, H. & Emadi, S. R., (2011). E-learning bridge to transition from chain learning to lifelong learning, 4th Media Engineering Conference, Tehran, https://civilica.com/doc/ 162413
Mossavar-Rahmani, F., & Larson-Daugherty, C. (2007). Supporting the hybrid learning model: A new proposition. MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 3(1), 67-78.
Moukali, K. H. (2012). Factors that affect faculty attitudes toward adoption of technology-rich blended learning (Doctoral dissertation, University of Kansas).
Mousavi, S. A. (2018). Comparison of the Effect of Linear and Non-Linear Blended Learning on the Academic Achievement of the 7th grade Students in Science lesson of Andimeshk junior high school, thesis for master's degree, supervised by Seyed Abbas Razavi, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology.
Murphy, C. J. (2017). Role of the Principal in Implementing Blended Learning in Algebra I Courses in South Carolina Public Schools. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/4184
Naderifar, M., Barkhordar, M., Dehkordi, S. N., Jalalodini, A., & Ghaljaei, F. (2018). The role of quantum skills in conflict resolution in educational organizations: A review article. Journal of Advances in Medical Education (JAMED), 1(2).
‏ Nazari, R., Ehsani, M., Ganjavi, F., & Ghasemi, H. (2012). The Effects of Communication Skills and Interpersonal Communication on the Organizational Effectiveness of Iranian Sport Managers and Modeling. Sports Management Studies, 16(4), 157-74.
Nourie, S. S. (2005). Professional Development & Student Achievement Programs. Research and Studies, www.Quantum Learning education.com.
Oakley, G. (2016). From Diffusion to Explosion: Accelerating Blended Learning at the University of Western Australia, Blended Learning for Quality Higher Education: Selected Case Studies on Implementation from Asia‑Pacific. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Papatya, G., & Dulupçu, M. A. (2008). Thinking quantum leadership for true transformation: the talisman of “not to know” at the threshold of new leadership. International Joint Symposium on Business Administration. (1-3 Haziran), 19.‏
Porter, W. W., Graham, C. R., Bodily, R. G., & Sandberg, D. S. (2016). A qualitative analysis of institutional drivers and barriers to blended learning adoption in higher education. The internet and Higher education, 28, 17-27.
Ranjit Singh, T. K. (2016). Blended Learning Policies in Place at University Sains Malaysia, Blended Learning for Quality Higher Education: Selected Case Studies on Implementation from Asia‑Pacific. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Ruckdeschel, S. (2018). The Efficacy of Blended Learning Models of Teacher Professional Development, Literacy Solutions and more, Inc. New York, USA.
Sadeghi Dehkordi, S., Moradi Pordanjani, H. A. (2015). The Relationship between the Quantum Skills and Chaos Management (Case study: Educational Managers in Shahrekord), Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 5(10), 222-232.
Sadeghi, Z., & Mohtashami, R. (2012). The role of distributed leadership in learning quality improvement. Education Strategies in Medical Sciences, 5(3), 207-214.
Sadeghitabar, P., & Shariatmadari, M. (2021). Identification of the Dimensions and Components of Continuing Medical Education Based on Blended Learning with Sustainable Development Approach. Environmental Education and Sustainable Development, 9(2), 63-82.
Sandelowski, M., & Barroso, J. (2007). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. New York: Springer.
Sevari, K., & Falahi, M. (2017). Develop and improve teaching and learning through blended learning teaching development and improvement through blended learning. Journal of Educational Studies, 10, 20-26.
Shelton, C. (1999). Quantum leaps: 7 skills for workplace recreation. Routledge.
Shelton, C. (2010). Spirituality, mental health and the new physics. International, Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies, 7(2): 161-171.
Shelton, C. K., & Darling, J. R. (2001). The quantum skills model in management: a new paradigm to enhance effective leadership. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 22(6):264-273.
Singer, M. D. (2004). Shifting Worlds: Leading Educational Change in a Quantum Universe. (Doctoral dissertation, University of New Hampshire).‏
Smal, E. (2013). Challenges of the health care unit manager as leader-manager in the 21st century, the Quantum Age.‏ (Doctoral dissertation, University of South Africa, Pretoria).‏
Stacey, R. (2003). Management on the Unknown: Strategic Boundaries between Order and chaos in organizations, translated by Mohsen Ghadami and Masoud Niazmand, Second Edition, Tehran: Higher Institute of Management Education and Research and Planning
Thorne, K. (2003). Blended Learning: How to Integrate Online and Traditional Learning. London: Korgan Ltd.
Thurab-Nkhosi, D. (2018). Implementing a blended/online learning policy on a face-to-face campus: Perspectives of administrators and implications for change. Journal of Learning for Development, 5(2), 133-147.‏
S. S. A., Collaborative (2001). The Principal as Technology Leader. corwin.com
Vidergor, H. E., & Sela, O. (2017). Blended Learning Environments Higher Education. Innovative Teaching Strategies and Methods Promoting Lifelong Learning in Higher Education, 85.
Wallace, L., & Young, J. (2010). Implementing blended learning: Policy implications for universities. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 13(4), 7.
Wells, C. M. (2009). Leadership, quantum mechanics, and the relationship with professional learning communities. Retrieved from the Connexions Web site: http://cnx. org/content, (24349): 1-8.
Wilson, D., & Smilanich, E. M. (2005). The other blended learning: a classroom-centered approach. John Wiley & Sons.
 
 
 COPYRIGHTS
 © 2022 by the authors. Lisensee PNU, Tehran, Iran. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY4.0) (http:/creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)